Variable speed gearbox or variator
One of the most common ways to reduce the output speed of electric motors is to use a variable speed gearbox (variator). These types of gearboxes mechanically reduce the speed of the electric motor by 0.9 to 0.1. The distance reduction mechanism is manual and is done by opening and closing the screw installed on top of these gearboxes.
Variable speed gearbox
The variable speed gearbox can be connected to a three-phase or single-phase electric motor. Its single-phase type is usually 220 volts with a speed of 100 RPM. The variable speed gearbox is placed between the electric motor and the gearbox and provides the possibility of reducing the output speed of the gearbox in a certain range without the need for an inverter. Variable speed gearboxes are classified according to the power of the input electric motor. The higher the input power, the bigger and stronger the variable speed gearbox. The common speed reduction in these gearboxes is generally up to the ratio of 1 to 5. The gears of the variable speed gearbox are made of steel and the shell can be made of steel or aluminum.
Types of variable speed gearbox
The variable speed gearbox is divided into the following categories based on the type of design:
Variable speed belt gearbox
Variator variable speed gearbox
Hydraulic variable speed gearbox
Mechanism of operation of variable speed gearbox
The variable speed belt gearbox changes the position of the power transmission belt by changing the distance between the pulleys. This is done in such a way that when the monetary situation changes and when it decreases, the amount of belt pressure increases and the speed also increases and vice versa.
The operation mechanism of the variable speed gearbox is created through power transmission by a friction cone that is placed on the motor shaft and a friction ring that is on the steel axis of the gearbox. The amount of torque and output speed between these two parts is adjusted by the clutch cam plates. A spring located in the center of the variable speed gearbox shaft adjusts the pressure between the friction cone and the ring. Changing the input speed from the electric motor is made using a rack and pinion that can be adjusted with the gearbox control screw.
Hydraulic variable speed gearbox
Variable transmission components
Friction cone
Friction ring
spring
Clutch cam plates
Steel shaft (cross axle)
pinion
Rec
Application of variable speed gearbox
This gearbox is used in industries that need to change the distance, such as:
Like the spindle in the textile industry.
Stone cutting machines
Conveyor belt
Polymer industries
soft drink
Automatic coils
Important points for choosing a variable speed gearbox
Technical specifications of the engine as a drive.
Machine specifications for remote use.
How to connect to the engine through direct, coupling, etc.
How to connect to the car directly, together with another gearbox, etc.
Environmental conditions such as temperature, presence of dust, humidity, direct heat, etc.
Radial and axial load.
Variable speed gearbox maintenance conditions
To prolong the life of the gearbox, do not change its speed during the silent mode.
Pay attention to the way the gearbox is connected to the engine. The motor should move freely and its legs should not be connected anywhere.
Lubrication between needle bearings is required. Use oil with the design standard according to the product catalog.
Variable speed gearbox installation conditions
In order to prevent vibration, the surface of the installation site must be smooth and flat.
Use hydraulic couplings to prevent impact caused by load application.
To facilitate the installation of pulley or chain wheel, use the type with thread.
In order to avoid oxidation, the output shaft must first be completely cleaned and then greased.
The water level of the device should be checked before starting. Avoid spilling too much Vaskazin Serad. In cold seasons, use Vaskazin with EP250 standard and in hot season, use Vaskazin with EP150 standard. Replace the washer after 200 hours of initial operation. For the next series, it should be replaced after 1000 working hours.
The air valve of the gearbox is always on top to prevent the accumulation of vapors from the heating of the gasoline.
When choosing a device, pay attention to the specifications of the engine and car used.
