Introduction of coupling types
In all industries, you need to know what coupling is to transfer torque and power from one engine to another
how does it work
There are many categories for couplings according to their function.
Due to the great variety of coupling models, each reference classifies and introduces couplings in a specific way, but
In this article, we have classified and introduced the couplings in such a way that
As soon as a design engineer sees a coupling, he has the ability to recognize the type of coupling based on all the introduced methods.
What is coupling?
Couplings are responsible for transferring the power, torque and speed of one axis or shaft (that is, from the driving axis) to another shaft or axis (moving axis).
What is the reason for the wide variety of coupling types?
The problems that arise in practice to communicate between the two axes have caused
Different types of couplings are designed and manufactured to solve these problems.
Types of axis deviations
1- Axial misalignment
2- Radial misalignment
3- Angular misalignment
Types of couplings
According to the described problems, two very general categories for couplings can be given:
A: Rigid couplings
B: Flexible couplings
You must have had this question, what is the difference between these two main types of coupling?
rigid couplings
Inflexible couplings have the least ability to withstand deviations.
Usually, polymer materials are not used in their construction and they do not have the ability to absorb vibrations.
However, keep in mind that a rigid coupling model may have the ability to tolerate a deflection model (usually axial deflection).
1) Flanged coupling is one of the most common types of coupling
Flange coupling
This coupling is almost the most widely used type of coupling because it has the ability to transmit large torques in relation to its reasonable price.
2) sleeve coupling
Shell coupling
The end of each axis is placed on the sides of the blue hole
It is tightened by orange screws (the screws act as a pivot axis)
After tightening the screws, the coupling and two axles are integrated and the possibility of torque transmission is provided.
3) muff coupling
This coupling, which is also called clamped coupling, has almost the same function as shell coupling.
This coupling can be integral or two fabrics.
4) tapered coupling
5) Hirth coupling
From other types of rigid coupling, the toothed model uses pyramidal or square teeth to transmit power.
6) chain coupling
2-3 flexible coupling
Couplings that have more ability to adapt to all kinds of axial, radial and angular deviations are called non-rigid or flexible couplings.
Of course, there are exceptions in these couplings.
For example, a flexible coupling may be designed only to tolerate angular deviation
It cannot tolerate axial deviations.
The types of flexible couplings are as follows.
1) Bush pin type flange coupling
This coupling is similar to the simple flange coupling, except that on one side they use rubbers (shown in green color in the figure below) which
These tires are first inserted into the yellow hub holes and
After tightening its screws, they are fixed inside the holes and become in the shape shown in the corner of the figure.
2) Gear coupling is a type of flexible coupling
These couplings are similar to simple flanged couplings with the difference
Instead of spikes and grooves in the hubs, internal and external gears have been used to transmit power.
Gear coupling
In some of these gear coupling models, a ring with internal gears is used instead of a flange.
This ring may be made of metal or non-metal
Components of gear model
3) Disc coupling is a type of flexible coupling
In disk couplings, a metal disk is screwed between two flanges.
4) grid coupling or resilient coupling
Types of threaded couplings
5) Omega coupling or elastomeric coupling
Elastomeric couplings use a flexible elastomeric piece to transmit power between two hubs.
6) Beam coupling or helical coupling
7) Bellows coupling
As you can see in the figure below, the spiral coupling consists of two hubs and an intermediary spring piece.
8) jaw coupling or spider coupling
9) Schmidt couplings
Schmidt couplings have the greatest ability to adapt to axial deviations.
10) Geislinger coupling
Geisslinger Coupling is used to transmit a lot of power, a shaft is connected to a green hub with a multi-point connection.
Another hub is attached to the outside of the coupling with a screw (between the blue holes).
Yellow bending leaf springs connect these two hubs.
11) rag coupling
Another type of flexible coupling, the coupling or joint of the vessel uses a piece of rubber for the connection between two hubs.
12) universal coupling
Universal couplings are used for biaxial connection, which have a large angular deviation.
In the figure below, you can see an example of a universal coupling or joint.
Universal coupling
Another group of couplings are mostly used as clutches
The conditions of their place of use may require these clutches to be used as couplings. These clutches are:
1- An electromagnetic clutch that has a function similar to an electric motor and
Without creating a mechanical connection between the two shafts, it connects them through the force of magnetism.
2- The hydraulic clutch that connects two axles through the speed and pressure of a fluid, you can see an example of it in the figure below.
13) diaphragm coupling
Diaphragm coupling is just a long interface between two couplings.
In order to choose the right coupling, one should consider the amount of transmission torque, axis speed, temperature conditions, the amount of deviations, etc. according to the manufacturer's catalog and choose the right coupling.
